Cytotoxicity studies evaluate the ability of a substance to inhibit cell growth or induce cell death, a vital aspect of anti-cancer drug screening. These tests are commonly performed using human cancer cell lines in vitro. Techniques such as MTT, SRB, or trypan blue exclusion assays help determine cell viability after drug exposure. The outcome not only reflects potential anti-tumor efficacy but also provides insight into mechanisms like apoptosis, necrosis, or cell cycle arrest. These studies are foundational for identifying promising therapeutic candidates.